Keywords
contingency
necessity
natural law
freedom É. Boutroux (1845-‐‑1921)
contingence
nécessité
loi de la nature
liberté
How to Cite
Abstract
The object of this article is to consider É. Boutroux’s ideas on natural sciences, focusing particularly on the notion of necessity which is often viewed as the basis of these sciences. Nevertheless É. Boutroux has tried to show that natural sciences are based on contingency and not on necessity. Behind É. Boutroux’s idea of contingency lie his belief in human freedom and his supposition that man differs from the rest of nature. He did not want to see man as an other object for natural science and he thus tried to show the reality of a human freedom based on contingency. É. Boutroux proposed the idea that contingency allows to preserve man’s privileged place in the world, the fact that he is a conscious being and the exercise of man’s will.
References
Émile Boutroux, La Nature et l’esprit, J. Vrin, Paris, 1926.
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